Early prediction and diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes using biochemical parameters

Authors

Eman Naim Taher, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Karbala, Karbala, IraqFollow
Narjis Hadi Al – Saadi, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Karbala, Karbala, IraqFollow

Author ORCID Identifier

Eman Naim Taher: 0009-0002-6448-4959

Narjis Hadi Al – Saadi: 0000-0002-1396-9377

Abstract

Background: Type II diabetes mellitus is commonly related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPNP), which manifests as a gradual progression of damage to the peripheral nerves after excluding other causes. As initial alterations may lie hidden, focus has moved to easy crude markers. Neuron-specific Enolase (NSE) was chosen since it increases early after axonal injury, Whereas, Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) reflects neurotrophic activity. Material and Methods: A case control study was done on 45 cases of DPNP after diagnosing through a nerve conduction study (NCS), 48 diabetics without neuropathy DWNP and 45 healthy individuals. Ages ranged from 35 to 60. Neuropathy subjects were divided according to their DPNP severity into two groups. Sandwich and competitive ELISA determined serum NSE and NGF. Results: A significant increase in NSE levels was observed with DPNP patients compared to controls (p = 0.037, OR = 1.587). Patients with DPNP showed significant NGF disappearance (p = 0.599, OR = 1.005). Additionally, DPNP patients had higher NSE levels (p = 0.008, OR = 1.529) and lower NGF levels (P = 0.022, OR = 0.982) compared to DWNP patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a correlation between study parameters and neuropathy (p = 0.013, OR = 1.612) for NSE. DPNP and DWNP groups had AUC values of 0.723, 0.525 for NSE and NGF, respectively, on the ROC curve. Conclusion: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) biomarker was useful for diagnosis and prediction. Other biochemical criteria for early prediction. Aims: This study explored whether changes in serum NSE and NGF could provide early clues for predicting or diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Recommended Citation

Taher, Eman Naim and Al – Saadi, Narjis Hadi (2025) "Early prediction and diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes using biochemical parameters," Al-Ameed Journal for Medical Research and Health Sciences: Vol. 3 : Iss. 2 , Article 5.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.61631/3005-3188.1032